EMPAGUA supply versus demand, sources and bulk water
- Water for industry
- Industrial water, wells and discharges
- Audited
EMPAGUA manages some 4.0 m³/s against metropolitan demand of about 6 m³/s, a deficit of about 1.8 m³/s (an EMPAGUA figure for 2020). The mix is about 58% groundwater and 42% surface water according to EMPAGUA's 2017 balance, against a historical split of roughly 50/50; the Xayá-Pixcayá transfer, with a design flow of 3.0 m³/s, brings water from Chimaltenango to the Lo de Coy plant. The municipalities of the Mancomunidad Gran Ciudad del Sur depend on 6 springs and 163 municipal wells (about 1.86 m³/s); the MGCS total runs around 7.55-7.94 m³/s, including some 1.55 m³/s from private wells. Bulk water (Pentagua, Magdalena del Mar and others) is sold wholesale to EMPAGUA and municipalities, and the model is available to large users as well, with no public prices.
The research is written in English; quoted figures, source names and the titles of legal instruments stay in the language their source published them in.
Figures
- EMPAGUA supply
- ~4.0 m³/s
- Metropolitan demand
- ~6 m³/s (deficit ~1.8 m³/s)
- Groundwater / surface water mix
- 58% / 42%
- Design flow of the Xayá-Pixcayá transfer
- 3.0 m³/s
- MGCS municipal sources
- 6 springs and 163 wells (~1.86 m³/s)
- MGCS total including private wells
- 7.55-7.94 m³/s (private ~1.55 m³/s)
Caveat
Sources
Organizations named in the answer
Related records
- Absence of a general water law and national extraction fee
- Right to drill a well and ownership of the water (Civil Code)
- Industrial self-supply and the 2,000 wells of Guatemala's valley
- Procedure to drill an industrial well in the metropolitan area
- Cost and regulation of the municipal well-drilling license
- MARN environmental license costs and categories
This layer is research: read from public sources by the archive's own team, every claim cited with the date it was consulted, and audited where it is marked so. It has not entered the verified store — no figure here was fetched back from its source or stamped with a retrieval time — so it wears no red provenance numeral and never mixes with the verified figures.